UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025041312.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 13 APR 25 Searching for KMFR... Searching the city database file for: KMFR ... Date:1200Z 13 APR 25 Station: KMFR WMO ident: 72597 Latitude: 42.37 Longitude: -122.87 Elevation: 405.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 202 SFC 976 405 4.4 1.1 79 3.3 2.9 0 0 279.5 280.2 277.3 291.2 4.24 2 966 488 4.4 1.0 79 3.4 2.9 291 2 280.3 281.0 277.7 292.1 4.25 3 954 589 4.6 0.8 76 3.8 2.9 206 4 281.5 282.2 278.3 293.4 4.25 4 949 632 5.6 0.6 70 5.0 3.3 198 4 283.0 283.7 279.0 294.8 4.21 5 947 649 5.6 0.6 70 5.0 3.3 204 4 283.1 283.9 279.1 295.0 4.22 6 925 840 5.0 0.0 70 5.0 2.7 270 2 284.4 285.1 279.6 296.1 4.13 7 916 920 5.0 -1.0 65 6.0 2.3 298 1 285.2 285.9 279.7 296.2 3.88 8 906 1009 4.4 -0.3 71 4.7 2.3 350 3 285.5 286.2 280.1 297.2 4.13 9 894 1118 5.0 -1.0 65 6.0 2.3 52 6 287.2 287.9 280.7 298.6 3.97 10 879 1256 5.8 -6.2 42 12.0 0.9 109 9 289.4 289.9 280.2 297.5 2.73 11 866 1378 4.8 -6.2 45 11.0 0.4 105 11 289.6 290.1 280.4 297.8 2.77 12 850 1530 4.0 -7.0 44 11.0 -0.4 100 10 290.3 290.8 280.6 298.2 2.66 13 848 1549 4.0 -7.0 44 11.0 -0.4 98 10 290.5 291.0 280.6 298.4 2.66 14 844 1588 4.8 -11.2 30 16.0 -1.0 95 11 291.8 292.1 280.3 297.6 1.92 15 821 1812 5.2 -24.8 9 30.0 -3.0 77 16 294.5 294.6 279.8 296.5 0.62 16 765 2386 3.2 -39.8 3 43.0 -5.3 63 19 298.4 298.4 280.8 298.9 0.16 17 719 2884 -0.9 -28.9 10 28.0 -7.5 49 18 299.2 299.3 281.7 300.8 0.49 18 700 3097 -1.9 -25.9 14 24.0 -8.0 40 19 300.4 300.5 282.4 302.6 0.66 19 692 3188 -2.5 -26.5 14 24.0 -8.5 40 19 300.7 300.8 282.5 302.8 0.63 20 670 3444 -4.5 -19.5 30 15.0 -8.9 36 18 301.3 301.5 283.5 305.2 1.22 21 668 3467 -4.5 -19.5 30 15.0 -8.9 35 18 301.5 301.7 283.5 305.4 1.22 22 663 3526 -3.7 -19.7 28 16.0 -8.4 32 16 303.1 303.3 284.2 307.0 1.21 23 640 3805 -4.7 -19.7 30 15.0 -9.2 18 15 305.0 305.2 284.9 309.1 1.25 24 608 4207 -6.7 -23.7 24 17.0 -11.2 359 20 307.2 307.4 285.4 310.3 0.93 25 593 4402 -7.3 -29.3 15 22.0 -12.3 1 19 308.7 308.8 285.5 310.7 0.57 26 586 4494 -7.1 -40.1 5 33.0 -12.9 5 18 310.0 310.0 285.6 310.7 0.20 27 557 4887 -10.3 -44.3 4 34.0 -15.4 10 17 310.7 310.8 285.8 311.2 0.13 28 543 5083 -10.9 -43.9 5 33.0 -15.9 10 19 312.3 312.3 286.3 312.8 0.14 29 500 5710 -16.9 -42.9 9 26.0 -20.4 10 25 312.4 312.5 286.4 313.1 0.17 30 491 5846 -18.1 -41.1 11 23.0 -21.2 12 26 312.6 312.6 286.5 313.4 0.21 31 412 7129 -28.9 -52.9 8 24.0 -30.6 12 34 314.8 314.8 287.1 315.0 0.07 32 400 7340 -30.9 -50.9 12 20.0 -32.3 5 37 314.8 314.8 287.1 315.2 0.09 33 341 8446 -41.3 -53.3 26 12.0 -41.8 1 43 315.4 315.4 287.3 315.7 0.08 34 329 8688 -43.5 -56.5 22 13.0 -44.0 2 44 315.6 315.6 287.3 315.8 0.06 35 316 8957 -46.1 -57.1 28 11.0 -46.4 7 43 315.7 315.7 287.3 315.9 0.05 36 300 9300 -49.1 -60.1 27 11.0 -49.4 20 47 316.1 316.2 287.5 316.3 0.04 37 293 9454 -50.5 -60.5 30 10.0 -50.7 20 47 316.3 316.3 287.6 316.4 0.04 38 288 9566 -51.5 -61.5 29 10.0 -51.7 21 45 316.4 316.4 287.6 316.6 0.03 39 278 9794 -53.7 -62.7 32 9.0 -53.9 23 42 316.5 316.5 287.6 316.6 0.03 40 263 10149 -55.5 -67.5 21 12.0 -55.6 18 34 318.9 318.9 288.4 319.0 0.02 41 250 10470 -57.7 -68.7 23 11.0 -57.8 345 28 320.3 320.3 288.8 320.3 0.01 42 232 10940 -60.3 -70.3 26 10.0 -60.4 340 52 323.3 323.3 289.8 323.3 0.01 43 217 11357 -60.7 -70.7 26 10.0 -60.8 348 66 328.9 328.9 291.4 328.9 0.01 44 213 11473 -59.6 -72.6 17 13.1 -59.7 350 70 332.4 332.4 292.4 332.4 0.01 45 208 11623 -58.1 -75.1 10 17.0 -58.3 353 65 337.0 337.0 293.6 337.0 0.01 46 200 11870 -58.7 -76.7 8 18.0 -58.9 10 38 339.8 339.8 294.3 339.8 0.01 47 198 11933 -59.1 -78.1 7 19.0 -59.3 6 37 340.1 340.1 294.4 340.2 0.00 48 187 12291 -57.7 -80.7 4 23.0 -57.9 338 24 348.0 348.0 296.2 348.0 0.00 49 173 12779 -58.5 -82.5 3 24.0 -58.7 301 33 354.5 354.5 297.6 354.5 0.00 50 165 13077 -56.3 -83.3 2 27.0 -56.6 305 36 363.0 363.0 299.3 363.1 0.00 51 158 13351 -57.1 -84.1 2 27.0 -57.4 305 30 366.2 366.2 299.9 366.2 0.00 52 150 13680 -55.7 -83.7 2 28.0 -56.1 315 44 374.1 374.1 301.3 374.1 0.00 53 110 15642 -59.3 -86.3 2 27.0 -59.6 294 28 402.0 402.0 305.5 402.1 0.00 54 100 16240 -59.5 -87.5 1 28.0 -59.8 300 31 412.8 412.8 306.9 412.8 0.00 55 91 16826 -61.5 -87.5 2 26.0 -61.8 271 27 420.1 420.1 307.7 420.1 0.00 56 87 17105 -59.7 -87.7 1 28.0 -60.0 276 27 429.1 429.1 308.7 429.1 0.00 57 79 17703 -62.1 -88.1 2 26.0 -62.4 285 28 436.2 436.2 309.5 436.2 0.00 58 77 17861 -62.1 -88.1 2 26.0 -62.4 288 28 439.4 439.4 309.8 439.4 0.00 59 70 18450 -61.3 -87.3 2 26.0 -61.7 275 38 453.2 453.2 311.1 453.3 0.00 60 65 18912 -61.1 -88.1 2 27.0 -61.5 281 39 463.4 463.4 312.1 463.4 0.00 61 63 19107 -60.5 -88.5 1 28.0 -60.9 290 33 468.9 468.9 312.5 468.9 0.00 62 62 19208 -59.1 -88.1 1 29.0 -59.6 295 30 474.1 474.1 313.0 474.1 0.00 63 59 19518 -60.9 -87.9 2 27.0 -61.3 288 17 476.9 476.9 313.2 476.9 0.00 64 56 19845 -58.9 -87.9 1 29.0 -59.5 258 22 488.6 488.6 314.1 488.6 0.00 65 53 20193 -57.9 -86.9 1 29.0 -58.6 285 27 498.7 498.7 314.8 498.7 0.00 66 51 20435 -59.3 -88.3 1 29.0 -59.9 297 23 500.9 500.9 315.0 500.9 0.00 67 50 20560 -58.9 -87.9 1 29.0 -59.6 275 26 504.7 504.7 315.3 504.7 0.00 68 47 20949 -56.5 -86.5 1 30.0 -57.4 270 23 519.4 519.4 316.2 519.5 0.00 69 46 21086 -56.5 -86.5 1 30.0 -57.4 279 23 522.6 522.7 316.5 522.7 0.00 70 42 21659 -58.7 -87.7 1 29.0 -59.5 219 10 531.0 531.0 317.0 531.0 0.00 71 36 22630 -56.5 -86.5 1 30.0 -57.6 266 13 560.6 560.6 318.7 560.6 0.01 72 33 23179 -57.7 -87.7 1 30.0 -58.8 267 10 571.5 571.5 319.2 571.6 0.01 73 32 23374 -56.7 -86.7 1 30.0 -57.9 296 11 579.3 579.3 319.6 579.3 0.01 74 30 23780 -59.1 -88.1 1 29.0 -60.1 75 7 583.5 583.5 319.8 583.6 0.01 75 26 24683 -55.3 -86.3 1 31.0 -57.1 184 3 618.7 618.7 321.5 618.8 0.01 76 21 26048 -53.7 -85.7 1 32.0 -56.1 43 3 662.5 662.5 323.2 662.6 0.01 77 20 26360 -55.3 -86.3 1 31.0 -57.5 85 4 666.9 666.9 323.3 667.0 0.01 78 19 26688 -56.1 -87.1 1 31.0 -58.2 62 4 674.3 674.3 323.6 674.3 0.01 79 17 27404 -51.7 -84.7 1 33.0 -55.1 11 5 710.2 710.2 324.7 710.3 0.02 80 16 27798 -52.3 -85.3 1 33.0 -55.6 349 7 720.6 720.6 325.1 720.8 0.02 81 12 29668 -50.9 -84.9 1 34.0 -55.5 314 4 787.4 787.4 327.0 787.6 0.02 82 10 30870 -46.1 -83.1 1 37.0 -53.3 230 18 847.5 847.5 328.4 847.8 0.04 83 9.5 31212 -43.9 -81.9 1 38.0 -52.4 231 17 868.3 868.3 328.8 868.8 0.05 84 9.1 31501 -43.9 -81.9 1 38.0 -52.5 233 17 879.1 879.1 329.0 879.6 0.05 85 8.9 31649 -44.7 -81.7 1 37.0 -53.0 233 17 881.6 881.6 329.1 882.2 0.06 86 7.0 33270 -40.1 -80.1 1 40.0 -52.1 240 14 963.3 963.3 330.6 964.3 0.09 87 6.3 33991 -39.1 -80.1 1 41.0 -52.2 997.0 997.1 331.1 998.2 0.10 88 6.2 34100 -39.5 -80.5 0 41.0 -52.4 999.9 999.9 331.2 1001.0 0.10 89 5.9 34442 -36.9 -78.9 0 42.0 -51.7 1025.4 1025.5 331.6 1027.1 0.13 TRP 232 10940 -60.3 -70.3 26 10.0 -60.4 340 52 323.3 323.3 289.8 323.3 0.01 WND 213 11473 -59.6 -72.6 17 13.1 -59.7 350 70 332.4 332.4 292.4 332.4 0.01 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5508.00 m Freezing level: 729.10 mb = 2774.65 m = 9103.08 ft Wetbulb zero: 858.20 mb = 1451.80 m = 4763.08 ft Precipitable water: 0.28 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 23.49 % Est. max temperature: 18.71 C = 65.69 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 927.52 mb = 817.90 m = 2683.37 ft T: 5.07 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.74 C/km ThetaE index: 1.89 C Layer 844.0- 765.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 620.50 mb = 4047.18 m = 13277.97 ft Mean mixing ratio: 3.97 g/kg Conv temperature: 31.05 C = 87.90 F Cap Strength: 16.03 C Lifted Index: 15.13 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 14.57 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 10.09 C Showalter Index: 13.31 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 30.80 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 20.90 C Cross Totals Index: 9.90 C K Index: -10.10 Risk: None Sweat Index: 45.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 3.25 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 34.34 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 8.29 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 73204.36 J/kg Cap Strength: 15.92 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 848.65 mb = 1542.85 m = 5061.80 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 60 at 13 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 976 405 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 240 13 10.9 6.3 1 952 610 190 4 0.7 3.9 | 228 15 11.6 10.2 2 925 840 270 2 2.0 -0.0 | 244 14 12.9 6.3 3 917 914 295 1 0.9 -0.4 | 243 13 11.8 5.9 4 883 1219 110 9 -8.5 3.1 | 194 10 2.4 9.4 5 851 1524 100 13 -12.8 2.3 | 167 9 -1.9 8.6 6 850 1530 100 10 -9.8 1.7 | 187 8 1.0 8.0 7 819 1829 75 16 -15.5 -4.1 | 115 5 -4.6 2.2 8 789 2134 75 16 -15.5 -4.1 | 115 5 -4.6 2.2 9 760 2438 60 20 -17.3 -10.0 | 60 7 -6.4 -3.7 10 731 2743 55 17 -13.9 -9.8 | 41 5 -3.0 -3.5 11 700 3097 40 19 -12.2 -14.6 | 9 8 -1.3 -8.3 12 677 3353 40 20 -12.9 -15.3 | 12 9 -2.0 -9.0 13 651 3658 25 13 -5.5 -11.8 | 316 8 5.4 -5.5 14 626 3962 10 17 -3.0 -16.7 | 323 13 7.9 -10.4 15 602 4267 355 21 1.8 -20.9 | 319 19 12.7 -14.6 16 579 4572 10 17 -3.0 -16.7 | 323 13 7.9 -10.4 17 557 4877 10 17 -3.0 -16.7 | 323 13 7.9 -10.4 18 500 5710 10 25 -4.3 -24.6 | 340 19 6.5 -18.3 19 474 6096 15 27 -7.0 -26.1 | 349 20 3.9 -19.8 20 436 6706 25 27 -11.4 -24.5 | 2 18 -0.5 -18.2 21 400 7340 5 37 -3.2 -36.9 | 346 32 7.7 -30.6 22 384 7620 10 36 -6.3 -35.5 | 351 30 4.6 -29.2 23 336 8534 360 44 -0.0 -44.0 | 344 39 10.9 -37.7 24 307 9144 10 43 -7.5 -42.3 | 355 36 3.4 -36.0 25 300 9300 20 47 -16.1 -44.2 | 8 38 -5.2 -37.9 26 293 9449 20 47 -16.1 -44.2 | 8 38 -5.2 -37.9 27 267 10058 25 38 -16.1 -34.4 | 10 29 -5.2 -28.1 28 254 10363 360 24 -0.0 -24.0 | 328 21 10.9 -17.7 29 250 10470 345 28 7.2 -27.0 | 319 28 18.1 -20.7 30 242 10668 340 34 11.6 -31.9 | 319 34 22.5 -25.6 31 232 10940 340 52 17.8 -48.9 | 326 51 28.7 -42.6 32 213 11473 350 70 12.2 -68.9 | 340 67 23.0 -62.6 33 209 11582 350 70 12.2 -68.9 | 340 67 23.0 -62.6 34 200 11870 10 38 -6.6 -37.4 | 352 31 4.3 -31.1 35 199 11887 10 40 -6.9 -39.4 | 353 33 3.9 -33.1 36 190 12192 345 22 5.7 -21.3 | 312 22 16.6 -14.9 37 172 12802 300 33 28.6 -16.5 | 284 41 39.5 -10.2 38 164 13106 305 36 29.5 -20.6 | 290 43 40.4 -14.3 39 157 13411 305 29 23.8 -16.6 | 287 36 34.6 -10.3 40 150 13680 315 44 31.1 -31.1 | 301 49 42.0 -24.8 41 142 14021 310 44 33.7 -28.3 | 296 50 44.6 -22.0 42 135 14326 325 35 20.1 -28.7 | 306 38 31.0 -22.4 43 129 14630 285 25 24.1 -6.5 | 270 35 35.0 -0.2 44 117 15240 300 25 21.7 -12.5 | 281 33 32.5 -6.2 45 112 15545 300 27 23.4 -13.5 | 282 35 34.3 -7.2 46 106 15850 280 30 29.5 -5.2 | 268 40 40.4 1.1 47 100 16240 300 31 26.8 -15.5 | 284 39 37.7 -9.2 48 97 16459 300 31 26.8 -15.5 | 284 39 37.7 -9.2 49 92 16764 270 27 27.0 -0.0 | 261 38 37.9 6.3 50 75 17983 290 28 26.3 -9.6 | 275 37 37.2 -3.3 51 72 18288 270 28 28.0 -0.0 | 261 39 38.9 6.3 52 70 18450 275 38 37.9 -3.3 | 266 49 48.7 3.0 53 68 18593 270 32 32.0 -0.0 | 262 43 42.9 6.3 54 65 18898 280 40 39.4 -6.9 | 271 50 50.3 -0.6 55 62 19202 295 30 27.2 -12.7 | 280 39 38.1 -6.4 56 59 19507 290 17 16.0 -5.8 | 269 27 26.9 0.5 57 56 19812 255 21 20.3 5.4 | 249 33 31.2 11.7 58 54 20117 280 28 27.6 -4.9 | 268 38 38.5 1.4 59 51 20422 300 23 19.9 -11.5 | 280 31 30.8 -5.2 60 50 20560 275 26 25.9 -2.3 | 264 37 36.8 4.0 61 49 20726 255 14 13.5 3.6 | 248 26 24.4 9.9 62 46 21031 275 26 25.9 -2.3 | 264 37 36.8 4.0 63 44 21336 300 8 6.9 -4.0 | 263 18 17.8 2.3 64 42 21641 215 10 5.7 8.2 | 229 22 16.6 14.5 65 40 21946 290 11 10.3 -3.8 | 263 21 21.2 2.5 66 38 22250 245 11 10.0 4.6 | 242 24 20.8 10.9 67 36 22555 255 14 13.5 3.6 | 248 26 24.4 9.9 68 35 22860 300 10 8.7 -5.0 | 266 20 19.5 1.3 69 33 23165 265 10 10.0 0.9 | 251 22 20.8 7.2 70 32 23470 310 12 9.2 -7.7 | 274 20 20.1 -1.4 71 30 23774 345 10 2.6 -9.7 | 284 14 13.5 -3.4 72 30 23780 75 7 -6.8 -1.8 | 223 6 4.1 4.5 73 27 24384 125 4 -3.3 2.3 | 221 11 7.6 8.6 74 24 25298 300 1 0.9 -0.5 | 244 13 11.7 5.8 75 20 26360 85 4 -4.0 -0.3 | 229 9 6.9 6.0 76 17 27432 10 5 -0.9 -4.9 | 262 10 10.0 1.4 77 15 28346 320 10 6.4 -7.7 | 274 17 17.3 -1.4 78 13 28956 320 10 6.4 -7.7 | 274 17 17.3 -1.4 79 13 29261 300 10 8.7 -5.0 | 266 20 19.5 1.3 80 12 29870 320 1 0.6 -0.8 | 244 13 11.5 5.5 81 10 30870 230 18 13.8 11.6 | 234 30 24.7 17.9 82 7 33270 240 14 12.1 7.0 | 240 27 23.0 13.3 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 29.9 at 16.8 knts Storm direction: 59.9 at 12.6 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.2 neg: 3.1 tot: 5.3 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 123.7 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 30.5 neg: -68.7 tot: -38.1 m^2/s^2 ave: -12.7 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: -0.46 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 9.6 stream: -4.4 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.01 Bulk Rich Number: 0.71 Bulk Shear: 48.60 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 210 2 235 15| 0.0 1.2 1.2| 19.3 -15.3 4.0 8.1 0.09| 11.7 1.0 1000 126 5 218 12| 6.5 0.6 7.0| 27.9 -36.0 -8.0 -8.0 -0.24| 15.6 -3.7 1500 99 8 205 8| 4.3 2.8 7.1| 29.6 -48.3 -18.7 -12.5 -0.35| 13.7 -4.8 2000 85 10 191 6| 3.2 3.5 6.7| 29.6 -56.0 -26.3 -13.2 -0.42| 11.7 -4.9 2500 75 12 175 3| 2.6 3.1 5.7| 29.6 -62.3 -32.7 -13.1 -0.45| 10.5 -4.8 3000 66 13 141 1| 2.2 3.1 5.3| 30.5 -68.7 -38.1 -12.7 -0.46| 9.6 -4.4 4000 48 14 351 3| 1.6 3.2 4.8| 34.9 -85.7 -50.7 -12.7 -0.42| 9.7 -4.1 5000 37 15 341 6| 1.6 3.0 4.6| 49.3 -85.7 -36.4 -7.3 -0.33| 8.6 -2.9 6000 30 17 343 9| 1.7 2.5 4.2| 83.3 -85.7 -2.3 -0.4 -0.23| 7.9 -1.8 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMFR/skewt/KMFR.skewt.20250413.12.gif